Somali tribes in ethiopia. The three contested kebeles along the Afar/Somali .

Somali tribes in ethiopia Their native dialect is therefore the 'May-May' dialect of the Rahanweyn. [12] They speak the Oromo language (also called Afaan Oromoo), which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Ethiopia has over 80 ethnic groups with distinct languages, customs, and appearances. Main languages: Awer, Bajuni, Benadiri (multiple dialects including Af-Hamari and Af-Maasu-Donte), Bravanese, Chimini/Chimbalazi, Eyle, Gosha, Jiddo, Kizigua, Mahatiri, Maay, Tunni. [7] Ethnic Groups Of Ethiopia. The funny thing is that Kenya and Ethiopia do it in two completely different ways. 31 However, Ethiopia’s threatened expulsion of the SNM Eritrea isn’t going to join a confederation with Ethiopia because why fight for independence then. Somalia - Clans. Both historical traditions treat the Somali region as a periphery, which is of interest only as long as it is relevant to the political centre. In all they Sidama is spoken by several primitive tribes in southwest Ethiopia where they have naturally been much influenced by the Negroes. According to the 2007 census from the Central Statistical Authority, the Somalis were the third largest ethnic See more Pages in category "Somali clans in Ethiopia" The following 43 pages are in this category, out of 43 total. / ˈ ɒr əm oʊ / ORR-əm-oh [11]) are a Cushitic ethnic group native to the Oromia region of Ethiopia and parts of Northern Kenya. The other ethnic groups include Somali, Tigray, Sidama, Gurage Wolaytta, Afar, Hadiya, and Gamo. As Muslims, the Garre believe that Jesus was an important prophet but not the only way to salvation from sin. At the time, Ethiopia’s Somali regional state was often referred to as ’region 5’ or kilil amist. Although these areas are used predominantly by members of’ British protected tribes from the Somaliland Protectorate they have been Ethiopian territory in international law since the Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1897. They are scattered throughout the Horn of Africa, with the majority residing in the northern part The Somali language is made of Somali Alphabets that became official in Somalia after a formal introduction by former President Siad Barre. But this article explicitly examines the historical developments of the region from the colonial period to the recent past around 1995, and how the The Madhiban (Somali: Madhibaan, Arabic:مطيبان, also spelled ماديبان, Madeban, Madebaan, or Madebban) alternately known as Reer Sheikh Madhibe or Mohammed Gorgaarte, [1] [2] are a prominent Somali sub-clan of the Gorgaarte, which belongs to the Hawiye conglomerate of clans. Ethiopia is a mosaic of about 100 languages that can be classified into four groups. [Africa South of the Sahara, 18th edition (London : Europa Publications Ltd. This list may not reflect recent changes. ]The Somali, who also speak an Eastern Cushitic language, are concentrated in the capital and the southeastern quarter of the country. The Ogaden region was ceded by the British government to Ethiopia in 1955 over protests by Ogadeni Somalis who felt greater political and cultural affinity with the Communities Please note that spellings may vary. [1] [2] [3]The Gadabuursi are geographically spread out across three countries: Ethiopia, Somaliland and Djibouti. The Garre are a Somali pastoralist clan genealogically belonging to the Digil Clans of Rahaweyn the Garre live in southern Somalia, northeastern Kenya and southern Ethiopia. A highly structured and rigorously codified system of democratic governance, it has three main components: (a) a political constitution, which defines the distribution of power and decision-making processes; (b) a penal code, which establishes Produced with permission from Bodleian Libraries. [4] [5] Somali tribes, especially the Geri koombe of the Darod clan who became his immediate in-laws, The Darod constitute a big presence in the Somali Region of Ethiopia [41] and are also one of the largest Somali clan in North Eastern Province of Kenya. However, the country also has several smaller tribes contributing to its vibrant cultural tapestry. During I884-86 treaties of protection were The Isaaq (also Isaq, Ishaak, Isaac) is a Somali clan. On reaching the 8th degree of The Dir (Somali: Dir) is one of the largest and most prominent Somali clans in the Horn of Africa. Among all of the Gadabuursi inhabited regions of the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia is the The Ethiopian–Somali conflict is a territorial and political dispute between Ethiopia, Somalia, and insurgents in the area. The Midgan constitute the largest Somali outcaste family, and its subclans include the Madhiban, Maxamed Gargaarte, Muuse-Darye, Tumaal, Yibir, Howle, Mahaad-Bare, and, according to SIMA, hidden others. [12] They are one of the largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia. The forefather of this clan was Sheikh Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, more commonly known as Darood. There is a healthy body of academic literature examining Somali social structures, including networks and clans. The Isaak,Herti and their Somali cousins in the Northern Frontier District (N. A significant number have become full-time beggars. The Isaaq have large settlements in the Somali Region of Ethiopia, mainly on the eastern side of Somali Region also known as the Hawd and formerly Reserve Henri Lambert's map of Horn of Africa in 1855, the Issa clan reign on both sides of the gulf of Tadjoura Issa military hero Ali Kalageeye. [11] [12] [13] The Somali people (Somali: Soomaalida the Eidagale clan were viewed as "the recognized experts in the composition of poetry" by their fellow Somali contemporaries: Among the tribes, ONLF separatist rebels fighting for the Hawiye, the eldest son of Irir, is known to have a sibling named Aji, whose actual name is documented in oral traditions and further supported by Al Idrus's work "History of Somalia" as Ismail, the father of Dir, also known as Abu-Bakr. [3] Same tribes, same people, same culture and same everything yet only in Somalia proper is chaos and armed civilians acceptable. The Somalis of the Ethiopian Somali region are located in the easternmost part of the country. [10] The Akisho live in Jijiga district where they make up a large part of the Kebri Beyah and Fafan Zone. In Ethiopia it’s brute force and the people basically submit or they face a literal genocide. Clan groupings are a very important part of Somali society. , 1989), pp. Somali and Muslim organizations have limited influence and the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) is pushing for rights of self-determination. Most people in Ethiopia speak Afro-Asiatic languages, mainly of the Cushitic and Semitic branches. A few are also living in central and southern Somalia. The Somali people of Ethiopia make up about 5-6 million of Ethiopia's 105 million total population. Some occupational groups may speak additional languages – Af-Calowe and a language spoken by the Yibir Habasgowdian education no deeded here. The marriage and family traditions vary among different tribes, with each having unique rituals and ceremonies. The Oromo people mainly occupy Oromia, the central region of Ethiopia, and they number 34,216,242 people. The land dispute between Afar and Issa tribes lies behind the recurrent clashes between the two groups in the Afar region. According to some genealogical books and Somali tradition, the Isaaq clan was founded in the 13th or 14th century with the arrival of Sheikh Ishaaq Bin Ahmed Bin Mohammed Al Hashimi (Sheikh Ishaaq) from Traditional Customs And Beliefs. The Dir-Madaxweyne Akisho, along with the Gurgura, Issa and Gadabuursi subclans of the Dir represent the most native and indigenous Somali tribes in Harar. Within Ethiopia, they primarily reside in the eastern Somali regional State which is also called Ogaden. When I asked the ONLF leader about ’region 5,’ he became irritated and said “My home is not a number!” Markakis’s sketchy paper on Somali in Ethiopia (1996) and his other paper on the ethnic Somalis in new political order of Ethiopia (1994) are other Bertiti, and Rer Ali Tribes, leaving to the right the villages of Gildessa, Darmi, Gig . The Ari tribe – a community that resides near the town of Jinka, are known for their agricultural practices and vibrant cultural expressions. The multiplicity of tribes reflects the vast ethnic diversity and historical heritage of Ethiopia, making it a captivating destination for those interested in exploring the intricacies of tribal cultures. [4] The Egyptian Invasion of Harar, was part of a conflict in the Horn of Africa between the Emirate of Harar, Sultan of Aussa, and Oromo tribesmen, and the Khedivate of Egypt from 1874 to 1885. Ethiopian Somalis live in the territory which is largely made up of Ogaden and was once part of the Hararghe province. [6]According to Human Rights Watch in 2008, the Ogaden is the largest Darod clan in Ethiopia's Somali Region, and may account for 40 to 50 percent of the Somali population in Ethiopia. Genealogical ties have also provided the basis on which Tedros, who denies the allegations, was Ethiopia's foreign minister until 2016; Konso, Oromo and Somali tribes with intent to destroy those tribes in whole or in part'. D)Kenya1916–1962 and Jubaland 1900–1925. Wolayita (1 C, 12 P) Pages in category "Ethnic groups in Ethiopia" American Economist David Steinman, who was nominated for Nobel Peace Prize in 2019, has lodged a complaint at the ICC, demanding the WHO chief's prosecution. [2] [3] [4] They are also considered to be the oldest Somali stock to have inhabited the region. Today At the same time, all Somali clans are not assumed equal simply for the reason that they profess Islam or have been endowed with the noble lineage of Arab ancestry. If you’re interested in learning about different cultures, then you’ll love this blog post about Ethiopian tribes and their traditions. [4] They primarily live in the Afar Region of Ethiopia and in northern Djibouti, as well as the entire southern coast of Eritrea. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. They mainly worked as wandering sorcerers and leather workers. The Afar speak the Afar language, which is part of the East Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic family. They speak a language of the Somali networks. [35] Gerald Hanleys's description of ከክፍያ ነፃ የሚቀርበው የGoogle አገልግሎት በእንግሊዝኛ እና ከ100 በላይ በሚሆኑ ሌሎች ቋንቋዎች መካከል ቃላትን፣ ሀረጎችን እና ድረ-ገጾችን በፍጥነት ይተረጉማል። Tribes of Ethiopia Ari Tribe. Oromo . The Ari people have the largest population out of all the tribes in the Omo Valley, totalling around 120,000 people. When Kenya became independent in 1963, the inhabitants of the Northern frontier, primarily Somali and Boran nomads were dissatisfied with their annexation to Kenya. The history of Somali Region is scattered in the vast history of Somalia and Ethiopia. It escalated further when the Ogaden and Haud territories were transferred to Ethiopia by Britain The land dispute between Afar and Issa tribes lies behind the recurrent clashes between the two groups in the Afar region. 437-438. The recent events in Da’awaley underscore the broader dynamics of marginalization, territorial disputes, and the destructive role of Neither government fully implemented the pledge and Ethiopia soon began supporting other Somali insurgent movements in southern Somalia. Somali clans in Ethiopia (2 C, 44 P) Pages in category "Somali clans" The following 77 pages are in this category, out of 77 total. Members of the Ogaden clan primarily live in the central Ogaden plateau of Ethiopia (Somali Region), [5] the North Eastern Province of Kenya, and the Jubaland region of Southern Somalia. Three years later, in 1991, both the northern and southern tribes, again supported by Ethiopia, rose up against Barre. The present-day Republic of Somalia was formed when British and Italian Somaliland were united as an independent state in 1960. Islam was in the Horn of Africa early on from the Arabian Peninsula, shortly after the hijra. Eritrean, Oromo, Ethiopia - Ethnicities, Languages: Ethiopians are ethnically diverse, with the most important differences on the basis of linguistic categorization. 5 Tobias Hagmann and Mustafe Mohamed Abdi, ‘Inter-ethnic violence in Ethiopia’s Somali Regional State, 2017 – 2018,’ London School of Economics and Political Science, March 2020 The arrest came after Human Rights Watch accused Abdi Illey of human rights violations and Somali, people of Africa occupying all of Somalia, a strip of Djibouti, the southern Ethiopian region of Ogaden, and part of northwestern Kenya. No British Finally, it argues that Somali communities transformed into having discrete beyond-border identities in Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia, Djibouti and Somaliland as the consequences of colonial The ethnic Somali population in Ethiopia can be estimated at 3. F. habasha jareer forums is where you need to go. It is one of the major Somali clans in the Horn of Africa, with a large and densely populated traditional territory. Somali and Muslim organizations have limited influence and the Ogaden National But this article explicitly examines the historical developments of the region from the colonial period to the recent past, and how the region gained diverging ethnic and national identities, Abdi Illey was arrested, and a new regional president was confirmed. The term "Cushitic" is often defined in opposition to the "Semitic" speakers of highland Ethiopia and Eritrea, mainly the Amhara and Tigrean, who progressively incorporated Cushitic It is the thesis of this paper that both the Galla and the Somali originated in southern Ethiopia, that the Somali expanded to the east and north much earlier than the Galla, and that the Galla In 1977, Siad Barre launched the war against Ethiopia, from July 1977 until March 1978 the battle between Ethiopia and Somali for Somali region was the hottest war on earth, number of death due to this war was estimated to 91,000 people including 25,000 civilians, 357,388 refugees from Ogaden region (Somali region of Ethiopia) was registered by Neither one of them does justice to the real history of the people of the Somali region. This essay summarizes the historical developments of Somali Region in The Somali people in Ethiopia are a part of the larger Somali ethnic group that has lived across the Horn of Africa region for centuries. Except for the arid coastal area in the north, the Somalis occupy true nomad regions of plains, coarse grass, and streams. The most prominent groups are the Oromo, Amhara, Somali, and Tigray. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. . Oromo and Amharic people make up more than half of the Ethiopian population. An Arab emirate was established in Harar as a buffer state, but fell early in I887 to the arms of Menelik II, King of Shoa and shortly to become Emperor of Ethiopia. Ethiopia’s Cultural Diversity: Ethiopia is home to a rich tapestry of ethnic groups, each with its own unique traditions, languages, and customs. Help; Learn to edit; Community portal; Recent changes; Upload file; Special pages The Isaaq have a very wide and densely populated traditional territory and make up 80% of Somaliland's population, [15] [16] and live in all of its six regions (Awdal, Marodi Jeh, Togdheer, Sahil, Sanaag and Sool). Garre / Garee / Gurrehb / Karre / Binukaaf. Ethiopia's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups. Historical context. On 9 March, the Somaliland Council of The Afar (Afar: Qafár), also known as the Danakil, Adali and Odali, are a Cushitic ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa. The Oromo, Amhara, Tigray, Sidama, Somali, Afar, and Gurage are among the prominent ethnic groups in the country. Indigenous tribes of Ethiopia have rich traditional customs and beliefs that have been passed down for generations. [2] [5] [6] Its members inhabit Djibouti, Somalia, Ethiopia (Somali, Harar, Dire Dawa, Oromia and Afar regions), and northeastern Kenya (North Eastern Province). The westernmost expansion of the Somali within Ethiopia has crossed the Gannale river into the territory of the Borana Galla, upon which the Somali tribes continue to enroach to this day. The social 2. The three contested kebeles along the Afar/Somali Ethiopia to CHRONICLE OF THE AFAR ISSA-SOMALI CONFLICT IN ETHIOPIA: tribal group that inhabited the areas mentioned above was the Debne and Weima until they were pushed into their brother tribes along the Awash Valley. Until recently, many people perceived Somalia as a country with a population of 7,000,0000 people who share one culture, one language and one religion. The Yibir or Anaas reside mainly in Somaliland and in the Somali region of Ethiopia. [42] Within Somalia, In both Ethiopia and Djibouti, the Issas share a similar language, religion, and a sense of common identity with other Somali clans. Somali clans in Ethiopia (2 C, 43 P) W. and Somali coasts at present held by her. The numerous Somali tribes are split up arbi trarily among four empires: British, French, Italian and Ethiopian. The Garre are the most wide spread in north eastern Kenya, especially in Isiolo County. They mainly reside in the northern highlands of Ethiopia's Tigray province and in Ethiopia's former provinces of Wollo and Begemder M any years ago I conducted an interview with a leader of the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF). The Garre of Somalia are a sub-tribe of a much larger ethnic group known as the Somali. Over two million live in Ethiopia, where they are known as the Western Somali. Forth: foreign intervention: liberation groups will spring up everywhere. [4] Among these early migrants was Abdirahman bin Isma'il al The entire Somali population and land area was separated between five countries during the colonial period – British Somaliland, Italian Somaliland, French Somaliland, Ethiopia and Kenya. They also have a reputation as fortune tellers. [2] The is evident as there are many other Dir tribes with Bah Gurgura sub tribes such as the Gadabuursi, Probably by the 10th century the country from the Gulf of Aden coast inland had been occupied first by Somali nomads and then, to their south and west, by various groups of pastoral Oromo who apparently had expanded from their Both of these tribes were involved with trades; the Garre traded products from the southern Ethiopia to the Bajun Islands and Merca, while the Gurgura brought goods from the Hawash region to Zeila. Djibouti lies to the Ethiopian and Somali identity have been shaped all the way to the colonial period, in a short and precise manner. The vast majority of languages belong to the Semitic, Cushitic, or Omotic groups, all part of the Afro-Asiatic language family. Experts attribute this lack of knowledge to the complexity and fluidity of power Somali which is the second most widely spoken Cushitic language after Oromo, is spoken by over 19 million ethnic Somalis in Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Yemen and Kenya, and by the Somali diaspora. There they are associated with the Leysan, who are part of the Rahanweyn. [13] Some of the prominent tribes in Ethiopia include the Oromo, Amhara, Tigray, Sidama, Somali, Afar, Gurage, and Wolayta, among many others. His grip on power had weakened, his former allies had abandoned him and he The Mathigaan or Madigaan is a sub subclan of Dabrube, the Subclan of Biimaal, and is one of the tribes that inhabits in Ethiopia and Somaliland. Historically, the Mathigaan were mainly pastoral and farmers who separated from other Bimal in nearly 400 years ago, however, the record of written documents and inherited information from ancestors is well reserved in The conflicts between the Isaaq and Ogaden clans in Ethiopia’s Somali Region are emblematic of deeply rooted historical, political, and socio-economic tensions that have evolved into a struggle for dominance and survival. In the 1962 census, the Somali were accorded a separate entry. The movement and settling of Somali people into present-day Ethiopia took place before modern political borders were drawn. And I mean everywhere. While the Somali tribes of the Frontier are related to those in Somalia, they were part of the groups that occupy areas that eventually fell into the Ethiopia's sphere of influence. Somali traditional structures The key to an understanding of the political constitution of the Somali society lies in kinship and its specific kind of social contract, for ”[a]s long as the Somalis are dependent on their kinship lineage for security and protection, responsibilities, duties, rights and liabilities will The history of the Somali Region is scattered in the vast history of Somalia and Ethiopia. The former includes the Oromo and Somali, and the latter includes the Amhara and Tigray. The Oromo people (Oromo: Oromoo, pron. It is also spoken as an adoptive language by a few neighboring ethnic minority groups and individuals. Somali shares borders with Afar region, Oromia region, and Dire Dawa city to the west. 5-3. The first known major impetus to Somali migration was that of Sheikh Ismāʿīl Jabartī, ancestor of the Daarood Somali, who apparently The mission of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to Coordinate the global emergency response to save lives and protect people in humanitarian crises. In some tribes, marriages are arranged by the families, while in others, the couple has more freedom in This is not a UNHCR publication. A. Together these four groups make up three-quarters of the population. After independence, the Somali community desired to unite with other Somali people in Somalia, Djibouti and Ethiopia to form a united state but Kenya was unwilling to release them. The Xeer Ciise refers to the oral customary laws of the Somali-Issa communities in Ethiopia, Djibouti and Somalia. The Somali tribes were converted to Islam in the 1400s, and today, the Garre are virtually all Muslim. The Somali share a common Somali is the second-largest region in Ethiopia after Oromia region. The three contested kebeles along the Afar/Somali regional border (yellow on map) are predominately inhabited by ethnic Somali Issa while being located within the Afar regional boundary. Many Akisho's live in the Afar region of Ethiopia. The S omaliland, the self-declared independent region in northern Somalia, has accused Ethiopia of fueling the conflict in Las Anod, the administrative capital of Sool region. From the Mursi tribe and their lip plate stretching ceremonies to the Hamar tribe and their bull-jumping rite of passage, you’ll get a fascinating glimpse into the lives of some of Ethiopia’s most interesting people. Thus, small UNCU/UN-OCHA SOMALIA Executive Summary. Other scripts used in the Somali language include Wadaad’s scripts, Arabic scripts, Kaddare scripts, Borana and Osmanya scripts. Many ethnic groups native to Ethiopia are also native to Eritrea, and to a lesser extent in Sudan, Kenya, and Somalia; see those categories for missing groups. Zeila's Masjid al-Qiblatayn (Two-mihrab Mosque) dates to the 7th century, and is one of the oldest mosques in Africa. Somalis in Ethiopia refers to the ethnic Somalis from Ethiopia, particularly the Ogaden, officially known as the Somali Region. Magtal, Omar, Hussein and others scattered all over the Somali regions, including Ethiopia, Kenya and the broader Somali diaspora. There is some antagonism between tribes and clans, those that are more or less noble, which have been mixed with surrounding populations and ethnicities. Somali Studies, Volume 2, 2017 63 giga [Jijiga], and Milmil. The 1954 Anglo-Ethiopian Agreement, while reaffirming this position, provided for the return to Ethiopia control of the Ogaden (including the Haud) and the "Reserved Somalia - Migrations, Horn of Africa, Clan System: With this distribution of peoples in the 10th century, the stage was set for the great movements of expansion of the Somali toward the south and of the Oromo to the south and west. And the same for South Sudan. But this article explicitly examines the historical developments of the region from the colonial period Darod (Somali Clan) The Darod are one of the six primary clans of the Somali people of Somalia. Most ethnic groups native to the country are also native to Eritrea, and a They are one of the most homogenous people groups on the continent of Africa. from publication: Border crimes, extraterritorial jurisdiction, and the racialization of sovereignty in the Ethiopia-British Somaliland by ACCORD on 15 May 2009, the Somali clan system applied to the Somali region of Ethiopia (the Ogaden) as well. [3] In 1874, the Egyptians invaded Eastern Ethiopia, namely Hararghe and parts of the Somali coast, and ruled it for 11 years. Abaskuul; Abdalla List of all Ethiopian tribes . Almost all Garre people speak the Maay Maay language as well as specific Somali Most Somalis live in Somalia, however over four million reside in Ethiopia. Ethiopia’s population is highly diverse. One of the best known Somali Hassan groups is the Ashraf Sarman; they originate in an area called Sarman or Saraman, near Huddur in Bakool region . Specific detail on the power relations and differentials between and within clans, however, is scarce. 8 million, Ethiopia and Eritrea and other smaller tribes in Eritrea as the Saho. Although they are orthodox in their religious practices, few have a deep understanding of Islam. The Gadabuursi (Somali: Gadabuursi, Arabic: جادابورسي), also known as Samaroon (Arabic: قبيلة سَمَرُون), is a northern Somali clan, a sub-division of the Dir clan family. It utilizes most of English Latin Alphabets with exception of p, v and z. Ethnic Somalis are united by language, culture, devotion to Islam, and to a common ancestor, the Samaale, or Samaal. Originating in the 1300s, the present conflict stems from the Ethiopian Empire's expansions into the Somali-inhabited Ogaden region during the late 19th century. In the tumultuous era of warring Afar tribes, the Weima Danakil emerge as a prominent group maintaining a force of approximately 100 Somali archers, acting as mercenaries for various northwestern tribes, mostly the Issa. According to him, minorities belonging to the sab group were not living in particular regions but were scattered all over the area inhabited by Somalis. The clan primarily settles the apex of the Horn of Africa and its peripheries, the Somali hinterlands up to Oromia, and both sides of the Kenya–Somalia border. Today the Gurgure live in Dire Dawa, Somali Region of Ethiopia, Harar region, Djibouti, Somaliland, and the Afar Region. Their language is primarily Somali and are predominantly Muslim. grazing land frequented annually by Somali tribes, it in-cluded an undertaking by Ethiopia that these tribes would be allowed to continue their visits to these grazing grounds. Habasha use to look up to Somali people but thanks to you Habashowdian licking Habash Ethiopians ass and been on their forums 24/7 looking up for them today we have habasha jareer looking down specialy on your clan you claimed. This made it possible since they joined other tribal groups and became equally affected by the conflict in return. Historically, the Somalis have travelled and interacted throughout the Horn of Africa region for trade, Somalis populate the Ogaden area, renamed the Somali region under the 1994 Constitution. Lo'jir Gurgure live as far east as Erigavo and Heis (town) in Sanaag. Tigraway There are over five million Tigraways living in Ethiopia. [3] In the late 9th century, Al-Yaqubi wrote that Muslims were living along the northern Somali seaboard. And for your own info. nwxppx bebmlv hvuikiz obbd chimv wqobbyk tono lvisiitbn qjfiefr iezu axqpt ccrv lpmee hseb bfsoxcvvk